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References

Oxygen Therapy in Pediatrics Chart

Jay S. Greenspan, MD, MBA, and Kevin Dysart, MD


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 Device  Common Use  Pros  Cons 

Oxyhood

  Term newborns. Airleaks for nitrogen wash-out

• Delivers up to 100 percent oxygen 

• Easy to use and setup

• Delivers no PEEP
 
• Difficult to access patient
in hood
Nasal Cannula Supplemental oxygen delivery • Easy to use

• Wide range of patient ages and clinical applications 		• No support of ventilation

• Limited amounts of supplemental oxygen delivered to larger patients

• Uncertain amounts of pressure delivered to
 smallest patients
Rebreather systems Supplemental oxygen delivery  • Allows for higher concentrations of supplemental oxygen in larger patients • Similar to nasal cannula

• No support of ventilation

• Less comfortable for patient
High Humidification / Flow Systems Supplemental oxygen delivery • Conditions and warms respiratory gases to improve patient comfort.

• Higher flow rates better support patient inspiratory flow 		• Clinical research needed in patients setting to better define mechanisms behind early clinical success of therapy
CPAP systems Support patients with respiratory distress who need PEEP • Non-invasive support of patients with
respiratory distress

• Aid in both ventilation and oxygenation by stabilizing alveolar recruitment 		• Limits amounts of PEEP
can be applied

• PEEP can be variable with leaks in system

• Uncomfortable for patient

Positive pressure ventilators

Invasive support of patients with significant respiratory distress.

 •Supports both ventilation and oxygenation

• Offers tight control of all parameters of respiratory support

• Invasive

• Older patients need to be sedated

• Dependent on mechanical support  and endotracheal intubation



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